DIET THERAPY FOR PEOPLE WITH KIDNEY DISEASES: URINARY CALCULI

DIET THERAPY FOR PEOPLE WITH KIDNEY DISEASES: URINARY CALCULI
Most kidney stones contain calcium as calcium carbonate, phosphate, or oxalate. There are also uric acid stones and cystine stones. Some stones dissolve in acid and some in alkali. Medications are usually prescribed to increase the acidity or alkalinity of the urine. Diet alone does not sufficiently change the pH of the urine, but modifications are sometimes prescribed so that the diet will not counteract the effectiveness of the medication.
A calcium- and phosphorus-restricted diet limits milk to 1 1/2 cups or less, and eliminates cheese and all foods prepared with milk.
If an acid-ash diet is ordered the emphasis is upon meat, eggs, fish, poultry, cereals, and breads, macaroni and other pastas, rice, cranberry juice, prunes, and plums. The amounts of milk, vegetables, and fruits are included at levels suggested in the basic diet.)
For oxalate and uric acid stones an alkaline-ash diet is sometimes ordered. This diet restricts the amount of eggs, meat, cereals, and breads, and emphasis is placed upon milk, fruits, and vegetables.
Butter, margarine, shortenings, oils, sugar, hard candies, gumdrops, honey, and pure starches are neutral and may be used on either acid-ash or alkaline-ash diets.
A diet restricted in oxalate is sometimes ordered, but its effectiveness is unknown. Such a diet would eliminate almonds, beets and beet greens, cashew nuts, chard, chocolate, cocoa, coffee, corn, currants, endive, figs, Concord grapes, okra, plums, potatoes, raspberries, rhubarb, spinach, sweet potatoes, tea, and tomatoes.
Uric acid stones arc sometimes a complication of gout.
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GENERAL HEALTH

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